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- WORLD, Page 43Noriega's Goon Squad
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- Members of the gang that carried out the bloody attack on
- Panama's opposition leaders last week did not try to hide their
- identities. In fact, they wore T-shirts advertising themselves
- as members of Batallon Dignidad, or the Dignity Battalion. It
- is one of at least 20 paramilitary squads, with a total
- membership estimated at 7,000 to 10,000, that were founded last
- year ostensibly to help block a Yanqui invasion that Manuel
- Antonio Noriega insisted was imminent. According to Bush
- Administration officials, the squads were created with help from
- a small group of Cuban advisers in Panama and modeled on similar
- militias formed by Fidel Castro shortly after the Cuban
- revolution. In addition to Dignity, there are the Christopher
- Columbus Battalion, the St. Michael the Archangel Battalion and
- the Latin Liberation Battalion.
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- Battalion members receive military training from Panama
- Defense Force instructors, including practice in shooting and
- hand-to-hand combat. Authorities claim that recruits, who are
- promised a gun and modest stipend, come mainly from lower
- middle-class and rural backgrounds. But government critics
- contend that the squads include convicted criminals released
- early from jail in exchange for signing up. Members of the
- Panama Defense Force also reportedly belong; opposition
- politicians say they have photographs of one man changing from
- his army fatigues into a Dignity shirt. And diplomats in Panama
- City insist they have proof that the Battalion member who
- clubbed vice-presidential candidate Guillermo Ford last week is
- a sergeant in the PDF.
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